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webpack

webpack is a module bundler. Its main purpose is to bundle JavaScript files for usage in a browser, yet it is also capable of transforming, bundling, or packaging just about any resource or asset.

Table of Contents

  1. Install
  2. Introduction
  3. Concepts
  4. Contributing
  5. Support
  6. Core Team
  7. Sponsoring
  8. Premium Partners
  9. Other Backers and Sponsors
  10. Gold Sponsors
  11. Silver Sponsors
  12. Bronze Sponsors
  13. Backers
  14. Special Thanks

Install

Install with npm:

npm install --save-dev webpack

Install with yarn:

yarn add webpack --dev

Introduction

webpack is a bundler for modules. The main purpose is to bundle JavaScript files for usage in a browser, yet it is also capable of transforming, bundling, or packaging just about any resource or asset.

TL;DR

  • Bundles ES Modules, CommonJS, and AMD modules (even combined).
  • Can create a single bundle or multiple chunks that are asynchronously loaded at runtime (to reduce initial loading time).
  • Dependencies are resolved during compilation, reducing the runtime size.
  • Loaders can preprocess files while compiling, e.g. TypeScript to JavaScript, Handlebars strings to compiled functions, images to Base64, etc.
  • Highly modular plugin system to do whatever else your application requires.

Get Started

Check out webpack's quick Get Started guide and the other guides.

Browser Compatibility

webpack supports all browsers that are ES5-compliant (IE8 and below are not supported). webpack also needs Promise for import() and require.ensure(). If you want to support older browsers, you will need to load a polyfill before using these expressions.

Concepts

Plugins

webpack has a rich plugin interface. Most of the features within webpack itself use this plugin interface. This makes webpack very flexible.

Name Status Install Size Description
mini-css-extract-plugin mini-css-npm mini-css-size Extracts CSS into separate files. It creates a CSS file per JS file which contains CSS.
compression-webpack-plugin compression-npm compression-size Prepares compressed versions of assets to serve them with Content-Encoding
html-webpack-plugin html-plugin-npm html-plugin-size Simplifies creation of HTML files (index.html) to serve your bundles

Loaders

webpack enables the use of loaders to preprocess files. This allows you to bundle any static resource way beyond JavaScript. You can easily write your own loaders using Node.js.

Loaders are activated by using loadername! prefixes in require() statements, or are automatically applied via regex from your webpack configuration.

Files

Name Status Install Size Description
raw-loader raw-npm raw-size Loads raw content of a file (utf-8)
val-loader val-npm val-size Executes code as module and considers exports as JS code
url-loader url-npm url-size Works like the file loader, but can return a Data Url if the file is smaller than a limit
file-loader file-npm file-size Emits the file into the output folder and returns the (relative) url

JSON

Name Status Install Size Description
cson-npm cson-size Loads and transpiles a CSON file

Transpiling

Name Status Install Size Description
babel-npm babel-size Loads ES2015+ code and transpiles to ES5 using Babel
traceur-npm traceur-size Loads ES2015+ code and transpiles to ES5 using Traceur
type-npm type-size Loads TypeScript like JavaScript
coffee-npm coffee-size Loads CoffeeScript like JavaScript

Templating

Name Status Install Size Description
html-npm html-size Exports HTML as string, requires references to static resources
pug-npm pug-size Loads Pug templates and returns a function
md-npm md-size Compiles Markdown to HTML
posthtml-npm posthtml-size Loads and transforms a HTML file using PostHTML
hbs-npm hbs-size Compiles Handlebars to HTML

Styling

Name Status Install Size Description
<style> style-npm style-size Add exports of a module as style to DOM
css-npm css-size Loads CSS file with resolved imports and returns CSS code
less-npm less-size Loads and compiles a LESS file
sass-npm sass-size Loads and compiles a Sass/SCSS file
stylus-npm stylus-size Loads and compiles a Stylus file
postcss-npm postcss-size Loads and transforms a CSS/SSS file using PostCSS

Frameworks

Name Status Install Size Description
vue-npm vue-size Loads and compiles Vue Components
polymer-npm polymer-size Process HTML & CSS with preprocessor of choice and require() Web Components like first-class modules
angular-npm angular-size Loads and compiles Angular 2 Components
riot-npm riot-size Riot official webpack loader

Performance

webpack uses async I/O and has multiple caching levels. This makes webpack fast and incredibly fast on incremental compilations.

Module Formats

webpack supports ES2015+, CommonJS and AMD modules out of the box. It performs clever static analysis on the AST of your code. It even has an evaluation engine to evaluate simple expressions. This allows you to support most existing libraries out of the box.

Code Splitting

webpack allows you to split your codebase into multiple chunks. Chunks are loaded asynchronously at runtime. This reduces the initial loading time.

Optimizations

webpack can do many optimizations to reduce the output size of your JavaScript by deduplicating frequently used modules, minifying, and giving you full control of what is loaded initially and what is loaded at runtime through code splitting. It can also make your code chunks cache friendly by using hashes.

Contributing

We want contributing to webpack to be fun, enjoyable, and educational for anyone, and everyone. We have a vibrant ecosystem that spans beyond this single repo. We welcome you to check out any of the repositories in our organization or webpack-contrib organization which houses all of our loaders and plugins.

Contributions go far beyond pull requests and commits. Although we love giving you the opportunity to put your stamp on webpack, we also are thrilled to receive a variety of other contributions including:

  • Documentation updates, enhancements, designs, or bugfixes
  • Spelling or grammar fixes
  • README.md corrections or redesigns
  • Adding unit, or functional tests
  • Triaging GitHub issues -- especially determining whether an issue still persists or is reproducible.
  • Searching #webpack on twitter and helping someone else who needs help
  • Teaching others how to contribute to one of the many webpack's repos!
  • Blogging, speaking about, or creating tutorials about one of webpack's many features.
  • Helping others in our webpack gitter channel.

To get started have a look at our documentation on contributing.

If you are worried or don't know where to start, you can always reach out to Sean Larkin (@TheLarkInn) on Twitter or simply submit an issue and a maintainer can help give you guidance!

We have also started a series on our Medium Publication called The Contributor's Guide to webpack. We welcome you to read it and post any questions or responses if you still need help.

Looking to speak about webpack? We'd love to review your talk abstract/CFP! You can email it to webpack [at] opencollective [dot] com and we can give pointers or tips!!!

Creating your own plugins and loaders

If you create a loader or plugin, we would <3 for you to open source it, and put it on npm. We follow the x-loader, x-webpack-plugin naming convention.

Support

We consider webpack to be a low-level tool used not only individually but also layered beneath other awesome tools. Because of its flexibility, webpack isn't always the easiest entry-level solution, however we do believe it is the most powerful. That said, we're always looking for ways to improve and simplify the tool without compromising functionality. If you have any ideas on ways to accomplish this, we're all ears!

If you're just getting started, take a look at our new docs and concepts page. This has a high level overview that is great for beginners!!

Looking for webpack 1 docs? Please check out the old wiki, but note that this deprecated version is no longer supported.

If you want to discuss something or just need help, here is our Gitter room where there are always individuals looking to help out!

If you are still having difficulty, we would love for you to post a question to StackOverflow with the webpack tag. It is much easier to answer questions that include your webpack.config.js and relevant files! So if you can provide them, we'd be extremely grateful (and more likely to help you find the answer!)

If you are twitter savvy you can tweet #webpack with your question and someone should be able to reach out and help also.

If you have discovered a 🐜 or have a feature suggestion, feel free to create an issue on Github.

License

FOSSA Status

Core Team


Tobias Koppers

Core


Founder of webpack
Johannes Ewald

Loaders & Plugins


Early adopter of webpack
Sean T. Larkin

Public Relations


Founder of the core team
Kees Kluskens

Development


Sponsor

Sponsoring

Most of the core team members, webpack contributors and contributors in the ecosystem do this open source work in their free time. If you use webpack for a serious task, and you'd like us to invest more time on it, please donate. This project increases your income/productivity too. It makes development and applications faster and it reduces the required bandwidth.

This is how we use the donations:

  • Allow the core team to work on webpack
  • Thank contributors if they invested a large amount of time in contributing
  • Support projects in the ecosystem that are of great value for users
  • Support projects that are voted most (work in progress)
  • Infrastructure cost
  • Fees for money handling

Premium Partners

Other Backers and Sponsors

Before we started using OpenCollective, donations were made anonymously. Now that we have made the switch, we would like to acknowledge these sponsors (and the ones who continue to donate using OpenCollective). If we've missed someone, please send us a PR, and we'll add you to this list.

Angular MoonMail MONEI

Gold Sponsors

Become a gold sponsor and get your logo on our README on Github with a link to your site.

Silver Sponsors

Become a silver sponsor and get your logo on our README on Github with a link to your site.

Bronze Sponsors

Become a bronze sponsor and get your logo on our README on Github with a link to your site.

Backers

Become a backer and get your image on our README on Github with a link to your site.

Special Thanks to

(In chronological order)